Sustainable infrastructure

  Naegleria fowleri  lives in soil and warm freshwater lakes, rivers, ponds, and hot springs around the world. In very rare cases,  Naegleria fowleri  has been found in poorly maintained swimming pools, splash pads, and other recreational venues. The ameba also has been found in tap water. If water containing the ameba goes up the nose and to the brain, it can cause an infection called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Typically, fewer than 10 people a year in the United States get PAM. Nearly everyone who gets PAM dies from it. Signs and symptoms Early symptoms of PAM can include headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting. PAM progresses rapidly. Most people with PAM die within 1 to 18 days after symptoms begin. It usually leads to coma and death after 5 days. As PAM progresses, symptoms can include stiff neck, confusion, lack of attention to people and surroundings, loss of balance, and hallucinations. Exposure risks Brain infections caused by  Naegleria fo...

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In recent years, Pakistan has experienced some of the most intense heat waves on record, leading to widespread heat stress, illness, and death, particularly among vulnerable populations such as the elderly and young children.Additionally, heat waves in Pakistan can negatively impact agriculture by reducing crop yields, causing water scarcity, and increasing the risk of wildfires. Furthermore, they can also lead to increased energy demand and decreased worker productivity, leading to economic losses. Despite the numerous and far-reaching consequences of heat waves in Pakistan, they are expected to become even more frequent and severe in the coming years as a result of climate change.Heat waves are prolonged periods of excessively high temperatures that occur in a particular region. They are defined as an extended period of abnormal heat, typically lasting several days to several weeks, and characterised by temperatures that are significantly above average for that location. Heat waves...